WIPO held three intersessional meetings in April, June and July 2005 to debate the various proposals for a Development Agenda. This is particularly true at WIPO’s highest levels, and the culture easily permeates on down throughout the entire organisation. copyright, A number of member states complained about the apparent presumption that the top position for setting global copyright rules would be once again filled by a representative of the US government. WIPO/ACE/1/5 page 2 Special Projects Division also provides administrative support for the maintenance of the Electronic Forum, which is of particular importance for the subject matter of this document. The UN, and WIPO as its agent, have a primary obligation to promote the global public interest, an obligation that appears to be in jeopardy here. Public-interest NGOs, particularly those from developing countries, should be allowed to speak at the meetings and make their papers available, and more WIPO seminars and technical assistance programmes should include speakers from public-interest NGOs and developing nations. For example, the right under international law that member states have to enact limitations and exceptions to exclusive rights is inadequately addressed. Without support from the wealthy member states, reform at WIPO is almost impossible. WIPO has responded by “circling the wagons” and obstructing the attempts for reform. WIPO (1996a). The Guide reviews the origins of WIPO and sets out its current functions and activities, presenting a framework for analysing WIPO’s complex governance system. Member state delegates, including the chair, participate at WIPO with the costs paid by the member state. Despite the lack of concrete recommendations for a second year in a row, the WIPO General Assembly in 2006 voted for the third time to hold discussion of proposals for a Development Agenda at WIPO. Another ICANN policy that was recommended by WIPO is the controversial policy on ICANN’s WHOIS database and its publication of private information on the internet. Wealthy countries can maintain a constant presence at their permanent missions in Geneva with delegates who are able to focus their efforts exclusively on WIPO. Available from: < www.icann.org>. 1995 WIPO-WTO Cooperation Agreement. Our IP training Programs offer a wide range of short and long term options in several languages. In leadership positions, WIPO remains heavily dominated by males consistently filling the top posts. While WIPO boasts that over 250 NGOs and IGOs currently have official observer status at WIPO, the vast majority of these NGOs are trade industry organisations from wealthy countries participating for the purpose of maximising private gain. Countries such as the US appear to be guaranteed key posts at WIPO in order to direct global IPR policy in the interest of the US more effectively. In the SCCR, for example, it is the chair who prepares all the draft proposals for a broadcasting treaty. [11] But in the final intersessional meeting in July 2005, the US and Japan refused to agree to any of the proposals for a Development Agenda and were able to prevent a consensus from being reached. The first meeting would address the 40 controversial proposals identified by Chairman Gauto Vielman, and the second would address the remaining 71 proposals that are mostly from developing countries. Besides governments and civil society, WIPO also allows for intergovernmental organisation (IGO) participation in its meetings. WIPO officials, Chairman Liedes, and representatives of Europe, the US, Japan, Brazil, India, and South Africa attended the secret meeting, but no agreement could be reached. WIPO needs to incorporate people who hold a diversity of viewpoints into its leadership, particularly in top policy-making positions. international organization; and (2) to ensure administrative cooperation In part, this tendency is reinforced by WIPO’s main funding source: fees from trademark and patent applications and registrations for large companies. The agency operates through individual member states meeting in committees, assemblies, and working groups, which are coordinated by the WIPO Secretariat. WIPO has not made any significant contributions to the UN Internet Governance Forum (IGF), either. The passage of the WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT) (WIPO, 1996a) and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) (WIPO, 1996b) marked an important change for WIPO’s involvement in setting ICT regulation (and for copyright law). To increase the efficiency of WIPO’s management and support processes. Rather than allow a single nation to dominate global policy on a given subject by successively filling WIPO’s top post on that issue, WIPO should rotate according to geographic region and in an unbiased way which government fills top WIPO posts. There are a number of women working at WIPO, but they are not in top leadership positions. The DMCA, in particular, is often referenced at WIPO and by large intellectual property rights holders as the “model” for implementing these treaties, despite its extremity. The Applicant accesses the DAS Applicant Portal to perform some maintenance functions on their portfolio of documents in the DAS System: associate and de-associate documents with a WIPO account; The DMCA is very controversial in the US since its overbroad anti-circumvention provisions have been invoked to prevent competition in markets unrelated to copyright, stifle criticism about technical weaknesses, and force consumers to pay extra to engage in otherwise lawful uses of digital media. These WIPO treaties have been implemented in the US in the form the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), and in Europe through the EU Copyright Directive (EUCD) and the various national legislations that outlaw circumvention of technological restrictions. The chair has consistently refused to remove unpopular provisions from the draft, such as the anti-circumvention rights, even though the overwhelming majority of member states have requested the removal of the controversial provisions. 4.1 IPR “maximalist” culture in WIPO power structures. cinematographic works. It asked WIPO to take into account the different developmental needs of member states in setting IPR policies: A “one size fits all” approach that embraces the highest levels of intellectual property protection for everyone leads to unjust and burdensome outcomes for countries that are struggling to meet the most basic needs of their citizens. WIPO performs three main functions • Registration of owners • Promote intergovernmental cooperation • Provide technical assistance to countries • WTO – TRIPS (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) - Adopts existing agreements by embracing • National treatment and MFN principles • Minimum terms for protection • Local enforcement 20 Prepared by: Prof.Michael Lindsay Daren Tang, a national of Singapore, officially assumed his functions as Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization on October 1, 2020, starting a six-year mandate at the helm of the Organization. Available from: < www.wipo.int>. However, the WGIG deemed its sub-committee’s paper on IPR issues too controversial to become part of the WGIG final report. Developed-country officials hold three of the four deputy director general positions, even though these countries tend to speak with a united voice at WIPO. The extent to which the treaty will regulate internet retransmissions of broadcast programming remains contentious. But with the development of personal communication technologies, particularly computers and the internet, intellectual property rules have become one of the most important determinants in setting ICT policy and regulation. Large and wealthy countries such as the US send teams of delegates from the US Patent and Trademark Office, the US Department of Commerce, and the US Copyright Office. WIPO is definitely seizing the moment to regulate ICT policies to a much greater extent than it has in the past. Although trademark law does not grant trademark holders the special rights that ICANN’s policies for domain name registrations give them, the policies were instituted at the suggestion of WIPO to privilege trademark owners in cyberspace. WIPO tends to hire and work with people who hold the viewpoint of industry and who therefore tend to be IPR “maximalists” in their training and perspective. Deals are often brokered during informal consultations, although this is not unusual for international treaty negotiations. Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization [online]. The primary role of a Patent Agent is to help a client secure legal protection for his or her invention by filing a patent application and prosecuting the same to registration. Consequently, a deal was reached that removed the US webcasting provisions in exchange for a promise to bring them back in 2007 in the form of a much larger and more encompassing treaty to deal with internet transmissions of media. Our IP training Programs offer a wide range of short and long term options in several languages. It asks WIPO to adopt pro-development norm-setting standards. And the “overflow” room at WIPO which seats additional civil society representatives is no longer available during meetings. WIPO should update its mission to more explicitly align itself with the UN and its humanitarian objectives. WIPO’s UDRP, which adjudicates trademark infringement disputes for domain names, has also come under growing criticism. WIPO has also begun to play a role in the more general “internet governance” debates. Much of the technical assistance materials are not available on the internet for journalists, legal experts, and others to read and comment on. 3 Pursuant to the said decision of the WIPO General Assembly, and in accordance with the recommendation by the Consultation Meeting on Enforcement, held in Geneva from September 11 to … The Declaration also requested that WIPO undertake a Development Agenda and new approaches to supporting innovation and creativity. the wealthiest member states, including the United States and Europe – refused to endorse any of the proposals, again preventing consensus and any progress on a Development Agenda. WIPO’s Secretariat, or International Bureau, draws staff from over 90 countries, but leadership positions and policy-making roles tend to be dominated by representatives from wealthy countries with a particular legal tradition and perspective on intellectual property rules. In 2005, after seven years of negotiation at WIPO over a treaty to create new rights for broadcasting companies, the US proposed that the scope of the proposed broadcasting treaty be widened to include the regulation of webcasting or “internet transmissions of media” as well. WIPO continues to support the development of the TFM Online Platform (TFM-OLP) and is working on connecting to the OLP three of its initiatives, that is WIPO Green, WIPO Re-Search and WIPO Match. Over the years, most “independent” WIPO arbitrators have obtained the reputation for being favourable to trademark holders in their decisions; and those arbitrators who find in favour of the original registrant are not hired to settle disputes for long and eventually leave the business. 813 persone ne parlano. Specifically, the WCT/WPPT require member states to provide adequate legal protection and effective legal remedies against the circumvention of technological restrictions used to protect a copyrighted work. Available from: < www.wipo.int>. WIPO has significant financial resources independent of the contributions from its member states In December 2011 , WIPO published it’s first world property report on the changing face of innovations , the first such report of the new office of the chief economist WIPO is also a co-publisher of the global innovation index 6. The convention also offers Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, WIPO currently administers 24 treaties and facilitates the negotiation of several proposed treaties covering copyrights, patents and trademarks. Available from: < www.wto.org>. The purposes of WIPO are twofold: (1) to promote the protection of WIPO announced in October 2006 that since the inception of the UDRP, 84% of the panels had awarded the domain names to the claimants (i.e. Often, the US and the EU agree upon who should fill a post at WIPO, putting other member states in the position of having to dissent with a powerful trade partner in an undiplomatic fashion. However, a growing number of member states send women to participate at WIPO as part of their delegations, and many of these women provide leadership in an unofficial but remarkably successful fashion. Because this would offer both developed and developing countries an opportunity to discuss their differences together, and allow for the input of public-interest organisations in the debate, intersessional meetings seemed the appropriate next step. Both efforts are discussed more thoroughly below. Intersessional meetings were held in February and June 2006 to again discuss proposals related to a Development Agenda at WIPO. The procedure allows the complainant to choose the dispute resolution service provider, and since the arbitrators are all competing for business, there are obvious incentives to find in favour of claimants. Under the WIPO Convention, the director general appoints the deputy directors general after their approval by a Coordination Committee. Among other ambitions, the WCT and WPPT gave copyright owners the unprecedented right to use technological restrictions to control the use of digital media by making it illegal to bypass those restrictions. scientific discoveries; industrial designs; trademarks; service marks; World Intellectual Property Organization: The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is a United Nations (U.N.) agency charged with protecting intellectual property (IP) through an international system that promotes and sustains creativity and innovation and helps develop international economies. Functions of wipo 1. At several recent SCCR meetings on the broadcasting treaty, Chairman Liedes announced that civil society would not be allowed to take the floor during the meeting. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations. Action is therefore needed to ensure, in all countries, that the costs do not outweigh the benefits of intellectual property protection. This issue raises the question of why WIPO is trying to tell member states what their laws will be. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) assists applicants in seeking patent protection internationally for their inventions, helps patent offices with their patent granting decisions, and facilitates public access to a wealth of technical information relating to those inventions. If member states reach a consensus, recommendations will be made to the 2007 WIPO General Assembly for action on proposals with agreement and a framework to move forward with the remaining proposals. Daren Tang Assumes Functions as WIPO Director General. The five strategic goals laid out by WIPO in its 2005-2006 programme and budget are: To promote an extensive intellectual property culture, To integrate intellectual property into national development policies and programmes, To develop international intellectual property laws and standards (partially defined as promoting laws forbidding the circumvention of technological restrictions), To deliver quality services in global intellectual property protection systems. In the past, intellectual property rules did not apply to personal communication technologies, since they mainly concerned large publishing houses or major companies. The UN and its member states must together reform WIPO to more accurately reflect the global public interest. WSIS organisers similarly deemed intellectual property rights “too controversial” for serious discussion at WSIS. Importance in Indian Scenario 7. protection against unfair competition and covers all other rights The organization, Roles and functions of Patent Agents. To encourage the conclusion of international agreements designed to promote the protection of intellectual property 4. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; French: Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI)) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN). As long as WIPO’s budget is entirely independent from the UN, the UN will have little means of holding it accountable to the global public interest. Available from: < wipo.int>. However, the lack of transparency over WIPO’s technical assistance programmes is a real problem. Since intellectual property rights are ultimately private rights, their promotion is the promotion of private interests, mainly those of major record labels, movie studios, publishing houses, and large pharmaceutical companies. The General Assembly agreed to hold two week-long sessions in 2007 to discuss the 111 proposals made thus far. Many member state delegates claim that Liedes’ move was illegal since a number of countries openly objected to his proposal for regional consultations. WIPO did not participate in the May 2006 IGF Open Consultations; nor did WIPO attend the meeting of the IGF Advisory Group, though it was entitled to as a UN specialised agency. When the convention entered into force on 26 April 1970, WIPO incorporated BIRPI and perpetuated its functions. In 1998 WIPO issued a report in response to the creation of ICANN insisting that publicly available databases for the complete and accurate contact information of all domain name registrants should be made available, regardless of privacy concerns. literary, or artistic fields. Furthermore, on any particular issue, not only top WIPO staff but also the chair of the relevant WIPO committee wield the power to drive the organisation’s agenda through the framing of the debate in that committee. And WIPO’s practice of sending controversial discussions such as the proposed broadcasting treaty to secretive regional consultations, where civil society cannot attend, reflects poorly on WIPO’s record on transparency. They consist of specialists in trade negotiation and international intellectual property rights, and are trained to represent the perspective of industry. WIPO tends to favour funding innovation via traditional IPR business models over innovative new models for rewarding creativity. PATENTSCOPE also includes an automatic stemming function, which identifies common word stems in terms in a search query and truncates these automatically. WIPO officials are the first to claim that WIPO’s mission is to promote intellectual property rights at a global level. As noted above, NGOs may participate in WIPO deliberations as observers, upon completion of a prescribed process. But there is no distinction between public-interest and private-interest NGOs at WIPO, and consequently, private industry NGOs largely outnumber public-interest NGOs. This is intended only for service usage tracking purposes. Most member states appoint career civil servants from their capitals to participate in meetings and negotiations. Member state delegates also complain about the one-on-one “arm-twisting” sessions they have to endure from WIPO officials on policy matters. resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, ICANN (1999). The WIPO Secretariat is given a great deal of power to set agendas for meetings and prepare drafts of texts for consideration. literary, artistic, and scientific works; performances of artists; The complementarity between the two organizations was further strengthened by the WIPO-WTO Cooperation Agreement. enable its members to understand the real economic and social consequences of excessive intellectual property protections, and the importance of striking a balance between the public domain and competition on the one hand, and the realm of property rights on the other. Functions of WIPO-World Intellectual Property Organization The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the United Nations specialized agency. The Roleof WIPO 13 Strategic partnership through carefully formulated national IP strategy commensurate with the country ’s existing development policies and objectives Providing technical expertise and advice Support and assistance in the implementation of national IP strategy These representatives are less likely to be specialists in intellectual property rights and less likely to be aware of a diversity of viewpoints on issues. Showing posts with label Functions Of Wipo Pharmawiki In. WIPO should pay attention to the message of the member states at the last three General Assemblies and incorporate a Development Agenda into WIPO’s core policies and practices. Objectives. WIPO also participated in the UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), which took place from 2003 to 2005 in Geneva and Tunis,[8] although it did not play a significant role there. In September 2004, many prominent legal scholars, scientists, activists, public-interest NGOs, a 2002 Nobel Prize winner for physiology, a former French prime minister, and several thousand other concerned global citizens published the Geneva Declaration on the Future of WIPO. The 2004 WIPO General Assembly adopted the resolution for the establishment of a Development Agenda to reform WIPO’s practice of blindly increasing intellectual property rights: Intellectual property protection cannot be seen as an end in itself, nor can the harmonisation of intellectual property laws leading to higher protection standards in all countries, irrespective of their levels of development. World Trade Organization(WTO) structure of WTO WTO functions goals and core principle World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO) what is IP and IPR strategic goal core task and functions of WIPO European Patent Organization(EPO) structure of EPO EPO mission role of EPO in patent 204/28/16Sagar Savale 3. ISBN: 92-95049-34-9 APC-200705-CIPP-R-EN-P-0034, Association for Progressive Communications (APC), Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)Unless otherwise stated, material on this site is licenced under Creative CommonsThe views expressed on this site are those of the individual authors and not necessarily the views of APC or Sida. However, the DMCA and EUCD actually outlaw much more activity and technology than the WIPO Internet Treaties require. While WIPO can claim some degree of equality among member states because each country has one vote, the reality is rather different. into effect: the Vienna Agreement, on the protection of typefaces and Show all posts. Article 1 of the key agreement establishing WIPO’s relationship to the UN restates WIPO’s purpose as: “for promoting creative intellectual activity and for facilitating the transfer of technology related to industrial property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social and cultural development…” (WIPO, 1974). The meeting’s chair, Paraguayan Ambassador Rigoberto Gauto Vielman, put forth an alternative proposal for recommendations that contained mostly suggestions from the wealthy countries, but that proposal gained even less support. Functions of WIPO-World Intellectual Property Organization The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the United Nations specialized agency. While the well-publicised Declaration did not itself have legal significance or power to reform WIPO, it served well as a “shot heard around the world” that highlighted WIPO’s poor record on protecting the public interest and the need for reform. The DAS 2.0 Applicant Portal is optional and requires the creation of a standard WIPO Account. among the unions. Official Facebook Page of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). As of January 2007, WIPO’s director general and all four deputy director general posts were all filled by men, as are the top posts of assistant director general, legal counsel, and senior counsellor. WTO (1974). The registration of a mark in the International Register produces, in the Contracting Parties designated by the applicant, the … Developing countries are not fully informed about their rights and obligations by the WIPO technical assistance programmes. Because WIPO decisions are taken according to consensus, meaning that no action can be taken unless all member states agree, reform at WIPO will be difficult to achieve. These attempts to silence NGO voices are nothing new. Since the 1996 agreement, the WTO and WIPO have launched two additional technical cooperation agreements in 1998 and 2001 to spur developing nations into conforming with the TRIPS requirements in their national laws. WIPO (1974). WIPO is unique among UN organisations in that its activities are largely self-funded. Liedes and European officials continue to push for an “exclusive rights” approach even though the 2006 General Assembly voted that treaty discussions should take a “signal theft” approach. and commercial names and designations. Some, as noted, even claim to have “silent approval” as they bang the gavel to close the meeting, even after a number of explicit objections are raised. Thus WIPO announced that it intends to embark on a whole new “Internet Treaty” to regulate webcasting and the transmission of audio and video programming over the internet. Even with the removal of webcasting provisions from the text of the proposed broadcasting treaty, the draft treaty still regulates all internet retransmissions of broadcast programming. Without financial accountability to the values of the UN, WIPO is further divorced from pursuing a public-interest mission and work plan. As intellectual property rules in general become more relevant in regulating communication, WIPO’s role has also increased. Participation at the 2005-2006 WIPO Development Agenda meetings is illustrative of this fact. As long as WIPO’s funding continues to come from major intellectual property holders, the objectives of those industries will continue to be promoted at WIPO. WIPO’s report proposed that providing any inaccurate registration data should be grounds for forfeiting the domain name, regardless of whether there has been any violation of intellectual property rights or of any other kind. WIPO (1996b). At the 2006 WIPO General Assembly, member states rejected the controversial recommendation of SCCR Chairman Liedes to convene a diplomatic conference and instead called for two additional meetings in 2007 to try to reach agreement on the many points of contention. The Agreement covers transparency mechanisms, technical assistance and training and the implementation of a provision of WIPO’s Paris Convention on state emblems. The FoD proposal calls for a fundamental review of WIPO's overall mandate and governance structure. WIPO should pass an Access to Knowledge (A2K) Treaty [12] that encourages the use of technology to promote education and individual empowerment. The situation becomes particularly problematic for delegates in voting for a new committee chair, since they do not wish to offend. The IGF is a discussion forum, not a treaty-making body, so participation in the IGF may be less of a priority for WIPO. 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