The steeply-sloped island is approximately 1.4 km in diameter and is located about 25 km NNE from the mouth of the Sepik River on the mainland of Papua New Guinea (figure 1). Papua New Guinea volcano latest: Is Mount Kadovar erupting? Rabaul Volcanological Observatory (RVO) has assessed that there is a possibility for Kadovar to explode which could trigger similar explosions on near by volcanic islands of Brup Brup and Biem. Cite. The National Capital District Commission has donated Kina100,000 (US$31,000) to the ongoing relief efforts while several private sector companies have provided in-kind contributions including flour, rice and sugar. The volcanic ash cloud was … The Darwin VAAC reported on 6 January 2018 that a continuous ash plume was identifiable in satellite imagery moving W and WNW at 2.1 km altitude. There were some heightened thermal phenomena in 1976. The steeply-sloped island is approximately 1.4 km in diameter and is located about 25 km NNE from the mouth of the Sepik River on the mainland of Papua New Guinea (figure 1). (OCHA, 27 Jan 2018), As of 20 March, there are a total of 557 affected population from the villages of Manot, Taragauo, Dong Sarakbano, Niukatnam and Rumgio staying at the Dan Dan care centre. 4 (April 2018) The NOAA/CIMSS Volcanic Cloud Monitoring system generated an alert for an ash cloud moving WNW, as imaged by S-NPP VIIRS, at 0330 UTC on 5 January 2018; Himawari-8 imagery subsequently showed that the eruption began around 0220 UTC. The main body of the flow significantly bulged upwards, with a distinct 'valley' visible between the bulge and the island's flank. Access your account or create a new one for additional features or to post job or training opportunities. Kadovar (Papua New Guinea) First confirmed historical eruption, ash plumes, and lava flow, January-March 2018. The 2018/19 eruption of Kadovar Volcano, Papua New Guinea - multi-sensor satellite imagery analysis of the growth and collapse of a littoral lava dome March 2020 Conference: 80. Authorities in Papua New Guinea warn people living near the Kadovar Island volcano to prepare for the worst, with fears an eruption there could trigger a tsunami. Thanks to the recording of the seismographs of January 10, 2018, 3 eruption / emission events were recorded with ash columns rising at altitudes of 700 to 1500 m above the ridges. 43, no. Curated pages dedicated to humanitarian themes and specific humanitarian crises. The waves were reported at 1050, before the main collapse of the dome. Author links open overlay panel Simon Plank a Thomas R. Walter b Sandro Martinis a Simone Cesca b. At 1830 local time on 1 February, a collapse of the side of the flow facing Blup Blup was observed; it resulted in a plume of gray ash and then vigorous steaming at the collapse site, which also was incandescent at night. OCHA coordinates the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. Find latest updates on global humanitarian responses, Pre-positioning life-saving supplies to improve disaster preparedness, Displaced islanders want care centre funds audited, Papua New Guinea: Volcanic Activity - Emergency Plan of Action Final Report, DREF n° MDRPG007, View all Papua New Guinea: Kadovar Volcano - Jan 2018 Updates, Kadovar Island Volcanic Eruption, Papua New Guinea (24 January 2018), Pacific Rim | Significant geophysical events, January 2018 – DG ECHO Daily Map | 01/02/2018, Philippines, Papua New Guinea - Volcanic eruptions | DG ECHO Daily Map | 23/01/2018, View all Papua New Guinea: Kadovar Volcano - Jan 2018 Maps and Infographics, Asia and the Pacific: Weekly Regional Humanitarian Snapshot (9 - 15 January 2018), Papua New Guinea: Volcanic Activity PNG Disaster Management Team Situation Update No. Mount Sinabung erupts with thick volcanic ash in Karo on Sumatra island on February 19, 2018. Edited by A. Elizabeth Crafford. Growth and collapse of a littoral lava dome during the 2018/19 eruption of Kadovar Volcano, Papua New Guinea, analyzed by multi-sensor satellite imagery. Kadovar is a volcanic island in Papua New Guinea north-east of the much larger island of New Guinea. The plume drift direction was variable, with periods when ash drifted S and SE in addition to the generally prevailing NW and W directions. Cite. The island is the submerged peak of a stratovolcano at the western end of the 1000 km long Bismarck volcanic arc. RVO reported that on 9 February the lava flow at the SE Coastal Vent had collapsed, causing 5-6 minor tsunamis less than 1 m high that were observed by residents on Blup Blup's E and W coasts. The eruption began on January 5, 2018 and was monitored by multi-sensor satellite imagery, including optical, thermal and … Sign up for FREE now and never miss the top ... Dampier may have recorded the last eruption of Kadovar during a … Kadovar volcano stratovolcano 365 m / 1,197 ft Northeast of New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, -3.63°S / 144.63°E Current status: minor activity or eruption warning (3 out of 5) The Prime Minister’s Office is supporting the provincial government to provide 2,000 people with food and water. Kadovar volcano news & activity updates: Kadovar Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: DISCRETE ERUPTION WITH VA TO FL030 MOV NW OBS VA DTG: 18/0340Z to 3000 ft (900 m) The 2-km-wide island of Kadovar is the emergent summit of a Bismarck Sea stratovolcano of Holocene age. Find help on how to use the site, read terms and conditions, view the FAQs and API documentation. Uru in Yangoru (130 km W), Woginara (140 km W), and the Wewak District (100 km W). More than 500 people living on Kadovar Island, Papua New Guinea have been evacuated by boats following the first eruption of Kadovar volcano in known history at 12:00 local time Friday, January 5, 2018 or at 02:00 UTC Jan. 6. Kadovar / Biem , Papua New Guinea : PNG Governor orders evacuation of second volcano as eruption fears mount. More than 500 people living on Kadovar Island, East Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea have been evacuated following the first eruption of Kadovar volcano in known history. The Darwin VAAC reported the plume drifting WNW extending about 185 km on 8 January. Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, vol. Will it erupt again? A period of heightened thermal phenomena took place in 1976. The Southern Coastal Vent had been vigorously steaming a few days earlier, and RVO interpreted it to be the source of the incandescent blocks in the explosion a few days before. Share. Report on Kadovar (Papua New Guinea) (Crafford, A.E., and Venzke, E., eds.). Kadovar contains a 1 km wide breached crater, which is an avalanche amphitheatre. Dense ash plumes and steam rose from the summit vents, and a slowly-extruding lava flow emerged from a vent near the shoreline on the SE flank. Around 1,500 residents of Kadovar Island … Ash and steam emissions from Kadovar were first reported on 5 January 2018. This volcano, dormant until yesterday, is part of the Schouten Islands, and lies off the coast of New Guinea, about 25 km (15 miles) N of the mouth of the Sepik River. PNG Governor orders evacuation of second volcano as eruption fears mount. Kadovar volcano eruptions: 2018, 1700 (?) During a flyover on 13 January, RVO noted variable steam and gas emissions rising to 1 km above the Main Crater and identified five distinct vents (figure 14). Kadovar volcano remains dynamic, says PNG Observatory. It is located 25 km north of the mouth of the Sepik River on New Guinea. The white steam plume from the SE Coastal Vent rose closer to 400 m above the island. In their report on 2 February 2018, RVO noted that the lava flow continued to grow. It is part of the Schouten Islands, and lies off the coast of New Guinea, about 25 km N of the mouth of the Sepik River. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 5 January 2018, according to witnesses. ... Posted Sun Sunday 14 Jan January 2018 at 7:34am Sun Sunday 14 Jan January ... PNG's Kadovar volcano … The remote Kadovar Island volcano became active on 5 January 2018 with mild volcanic activity on the south-eastern side of the island. (IFRC, 20 Mar 2018). The people were initially taken to the nearby island of Blup Blup, but this was also evacuated after the volcano continued to vent ash for several days. The MIROVA project recorded thermal anomalies from Kadovar in early January and early March 2018 (figure 16). An explosion during the previous night ejected large incandescent boulders from the fracture on the SE flank. The wind is blowing moderately to the east. Learn more about ReliefWeb, leading online source for reliable and timely humanitarian information on global crises and disasters since 1996. Smithsonian Institution. Continuous steam emissions from both the Main Crater and the SE Coastal Vent were interrupted by dark ash plumes on 16 and 20-22 February, and occasional explosions were heard by residents on nearby islands. By 7 January, the plume could be identified about 220 km WNW in satellite images (figure 13). Latest satellite images. An eruption began in January 2018 that included lava effusion from vents at the summit and at the E coast. 2:24 pm on 18 January 2018. Author links open overlay panel Simon Plank a Thomas R. Walter b Sandro Martinis a Simone Cesca b. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN201804-251002. The 2018 eruption at the volcanic island Kadovar, Papua New Guinea, analysed using multi-sensor satellite imagery April 2019 Conference: EGU General Assembly 2019 The steeply-sloped island is approximately 1.4 km in diameter and is located about 25 km NNE from the mouth of the Sepik River on the mainland of Papua New Guinea (figure 1). About 25 km W of the island, he felt falling ash. It is anticipated that the affected population will remain at the care centre for the next three to six months before being resettled at a larger permanent site. Open job opportunities in the humanitarian field. 7 (as of 17 January 2018), Papua New Guinea - Kadovar volcanic activity – DG ECHO Daily Map | 09/01/2018. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 5 January 2018, according to witnesses. Latest humanitarian reports, maps and infographics and full document archive. There remained a small risk of tsunami to the mainland and neighbouring islands should the volcanic structure collapses. Kadovar Island Volcano Eruption. Dormant volcano Kadovar wakes with first eruption in known history 7 Jan, 2018 06:13 PM 2 minutes to read The once dormant Kadovar volcano awakens in its first eruption in known history. Show more. The Kadovar Island volcano, which is approximately 24 kilometers north of the Papuan mainland, began erupting on January 5. A brief emission to 3.7 km was also noted that day. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 5 January 2018, according to witnesses. Kadovar volcano stratovolcano 365 m / 1,197 ft Northeast of New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, -3.63°S / 144.63°E Current status: minor activity or eruption warning (3 out of 5) This report covers activity from the beginning of the eruption on 5 January through March 2018. RVO reported minor ashfall on Kairiru and Mushu islands (115 km WNW), and on mainland Papua New Guinea at Mt. (OCHA, 22 Jan 2018), As of 26 January, the Rabaul Volcanological Observatory (RVO) has indicated that the situation on Kadovar remained dynamic but has settled into a reasonable stable situation. Activity renewed at the SE Coastal Vent shortly after the collapse of the flow on 9 February 2018; lava re-emerged a few days later, connecting a lava island to the coastline again. A possible eruption was witnessed by explorers in 1700; no other activity was reported until an outbreak of thermal activity in 1976 (NSEB 01:14-01:11, SEAN 03:09) and a short period of seismic unrest in 2015, according to RVO. Kadovar volcano is an island located 25km north of the entrance to the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea. A dome of lava was visible at the base of the steam plume, but no incandescence was observed. Residents on Blup Blup (15 km N) could see incandescence high on the volcano's flank. Share this. Complete Bulletin. (OCHA, 15 Jan 2018), According to the Provincial Governor, the Government is planning to resettle Kadovar islanders on the mainland for up to three years, and will provide support to those who are displaced. Ash plumes rise from the volcano on Kadovar Island, Papua New Guinea, in the South Pacific on January 16, 2018. They also noted that the influence of the sea breeze was also spreading minor ash to the SW. Information about the eruption is provided by the Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO), the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), satellite sources, news reports, and local observers. The dormant volcano began its first eruption on record on January 5. Thousands have been evacuated from islands in Papua New Guinea after a volcano began erupting over the weekend. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 05 January 2018. It only took 6 days into 2018 before the first "surprise" volcano to erupt. Kadovar Island is the emergent summit of a stratovolcano. 2018 Eruption An eruption of Kadovar volcano began on 5th January 2018. An incandescent lava flow slowly extruded from the SE Coastal Vent. January 8, 2018. Meanwhile, the Provincial Government is planning to evacuate the entire population of Kadovar, Brup Brup and Biem islands (up to 4,000 people) to a site on mainland East Sepik due to risk of tsunami, and the potential for a further eruption on neighbouring Biem Island. The SE Coastal Vent was very active with dense white steam emissions rising 600 m from the vent (figure 15). The last historic activity of Kadovar Volcano may have been in 1700. List of organizations that are actively providing ReliefWeb with content. The island was covered in ash, and they became covered with wet ash as they traveled under the drifting ash plume. It was estimated that 50 or 60% of the island was covered in volcanic debris, which appeared to be primarily ash along with some pyroclastic flows. Prior to an eruption that began in 2018, a lava dome formed the high point of the andesitic volcano, filling an arcuate landslide scarp open to the south; submarine debris-avalanche deposits occur in that direction. Kadovar, Papua New-Guinea : 3.608°S, 144.588°E Elevation 365 m. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 5 … We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. This may also trigger a tsunami due to landslides. Reports of continuous ash emissions at 2.1 km altitude drifting WNW from the Darwin VAAC resumed on 16 January. Show more. The lava flow extruding from the SE Coastal Vent continued to grow, creating a dome that grew from 7-8 m above sea level to 10-17 m above sea level by 8 March. Please cite this report as: Kadovar in Papua New Guinea erupted today , producing a volcanic plume of ash and volcanic gases that reached a few thousand meters (to ~7,000 feet) according to the report from the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center. During 18-22 January 2018, the Main Crater continued to produce moderate to dark gray ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the summit, drifting locally S and SE, and a continuous steam plume from the SE Coastal Vent rose as high as 800 m above the island. Eruptive activity continued during March 2018, although at a slower rate. According to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), the entire population of Kadovar, about 600 people who lived on the N side of the island, was relocated to nearby Blup Blup Island which is home to about 800 residents. The smoldering crater at Kadovar in PNG, seen on January 6, 2018. Share. Geologic Background. The remote Kadovar Island volcano became active on 5 January 2018 with mild volcanic activity on the south-eastern side of the island. Summary. By the last week of January, the ash plumes were only rising about 100 m above the Main Crater and drifting W; weak incandescence was still observed at night. A distinct lobe had pushed out from the seaward nose of the flow, by about 20-30 m; it appeared to be channeled by levees which had developed at the flow's sides. Ash emissions were generally continuous at altitudes from 2.4 to 3 km, although low level emissions of primarily steam and gas were observed on 20 January that included intermittent phases of increased ash content. The volcano erupted in January 2018 and the eruption is ongoing as of 2020. In the early 1900s and in 1976 fumarolic activity was reported. Kadovar volcano map: ... Sun, Jan 7, 2018. Dark ash emissions from the vent and nighttime incandescence were common. During their return trip from Bam on 8 January 2018, the missionaries again circled the island and noted that the eruption seemed to be occurring from different vents. Typical eruption style: explosive Last nearby quakes. On Friday, 5th of January 2018, the volcano on Kadovar Island began to erupt following earthquakes which occurred the previous day. A volcano on Papua New Guinea's Kadovar island has erupted, sending plumes of steam and ash 800m into the air with experts warning seismic activity beneath the volcano means an eruption … Around 1,500 residents of Kadovar Island … After about 24 hours, more than half of the island was covered by volcanic debris. January 6, 2018 In Papua New Guinea, today began an unexpected eruption of the volcano Kadovar, which erupts for the first time during the entire observation period. The youthful island lacks fringing or offshore reefs. The following day, 6 January 2018, photos from a Samaritan Air flight showed that dark gray ash and steam plumes rising from a crater on the SE side of the summit had intensified (figures 3 and 4). From a few hundred meters offshore he witnessed the ash and steam plumes rising from near the summit as he circled the S and E sides of the island (figures 5-8). Continuous ash emissions were observed by the Darwin VAAC through 11 January, drifting W and NW at 2.1 km altitude. January 11 , 2018 . The aerial assessment estimated 50-60 percent of the island covered in lava. Thick lava flows with columnar jointing forms low cliffs along the coast. The island is approximately 1.4 km in diameter with very steep slopes, located about 25 km NNE from the mouth of the Sepik River on the New Guinea mainland. RVO estimated that the lava flow had risen to about 50 m above sea level and extended 150-200 m out from the coast. RVO reported a significant escalation in activity during 12-13 January 2018. Open training opportunities in the humanitarian field. Also on 6 January 2018, missionary Brandon Buser set out from Wewak to visit Bam by boat. Managing Editor: Edward Venzke. Volcano Profile |  18 Jan 2018. First confirmed historical eruption, ash plumes, and lava flow, January-March 2018, Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), NOAA, Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, Eruptions, Earthquakes & Emissions Application. Thousands have been evacuated from islands in Papua New Guinea after a volcano began erupting over the weekend. Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 43:4. THE REMOTE island volcano of Kadovar is erupting and sending huge plumes of ash into the sky just off the coast of Papua New Guinea. In a 12 February report, RVO noted that activity from Main Crater consisted of white plumes rising 20 m and drifting a few kilometers SE accompanied by weak nighttime crater incandescence. According to the Darwin VAAC, a pilot reported an ash plume at 3.9 km altitude drifting SE on 2 March; it was not visible in satellite imagery due to meteoric clouds. The erupting Kadovar Island Photo: East Sepik Provincial Government. List of alerts, ongoing and past disasters covered by ReliefWeb. (IFRC, 9 Jan 2018), As of 15 January 2018, there is an immediate need for food, water, shelter and clothing due to the evacuation of entire population of Kadovar Island to Brup Brup Island (population 1,400). Information Contacts: Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO), Geohazards Management Division, Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management (DMPGM), PO Box 3386, Kokopo, East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, Contact: steve_saunders@mineral.gov.pg, ima_itikarai@mineral.gov.pg; Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Bureau of Meteorology, Northern Territory Regional Office, PO Box 40050, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia (URL: http://www.bom.gov.au/info/vaac/); NASA Earth Observatory, EOS Project Science Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Goddard, Maryland, USA (URL: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), Global Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring Page, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Goddard, Maryland, USA (URL: https://so2.gsfc.nasa.gov/); NOAA, Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS), Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1225 W. Dayton St., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA (URL: http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/); International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (URL: http://www.ifrc.org/); Samaritan Aviation (URL: http://samaviation.com/, https://www.facebook.com/samaritanaviation/); Brandon Buser (URL: https://ethnos360.org/missionaries/brandon-and-rachel-buser, https://www.facebook.com/brandon.buser.35); ABC News (URL: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-08/tsunami-warning-for-communities-near-erupting-png-volcano/9311544); Google Earth (URL: https://www.google.com/earth/). During January, small SO2 plumes were recorded by NASA satellites on four occasions (figure 17). A PAPUA New Guinea volcano has rumbled to life after many years dormant and hundreds of people have been evacuated. He observed the steam and ash plumes of Kadovar from about 75 km away. By the end of the first week of March 2018 the flow was about 17 m above sea level; its growth rate had slowed, adding only one meter by late March. February 8, 2018 The National Momase Article Views : 1,568 THE Kadovar volcano in East Sepik continues to erupt at low levels and has settled into a stable situation since it first erupted on Jan 14, the Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO) says. Growth and collapse of a littoral lava dome during the 2018/19 eruption of Kadovar Volcano, Papua New Guinea, analyzed by multi-sensor satellite imagery. Papua New Guinea authorities have ordered the evacuation of some 3,000 people from Biem Island amid fears of a volcanic eruption, as the country’s Prime Minister directed national resources to neighbouring Kadovar island. Pilot reports on 17 and 18 January indicated that ash was still in the area as high as 3-3.7 km altitude drifting W. The reports of emissions from the Darwin VAAC continued through 24 January. Dormant volcano Kadovar wakes with first eruption in known history 7 Jan, 2018 06:13 PM 2 minutes to read The once dormant Kadovar volcano awakens in its first eruption in known history. ReliefWeb Labs projects explore new and emerging opportunities to improve information delivery to humanitarians. The entire population (591 people) has been relocated to Brup Brup island. The Darwin VAAC reported two discrete ash plumes drifting W at 2.1 km altitude during the day. Heading rapidly E away from the eruption, he took additional photographs (figures 9-12). ... By Alice Foster. Activity intensified over the next two weeks; RVO identified five distinct vents located at the summit and along the SE coast. While preparing to head E to Bam, Buser witnessed an explosion that sent large plumes of ash and steam skyward from the SE flank, and a significant cloud of volcanic debris was ejected outward and down the SE flank; large boulders fell into the ocean. After local reports of the eruption Samaritan Airlines flew administrators from the Wewak district to investigate, enabling photographs of ash and steam emissions (figure 2). The Rabaul Volcanological Observatory in Papua New Guinea says the eruption of Kadovar Island remains dynamic. The growth rate slowed later in the month, and only one meter of change was observed between 10 and 20 March. 0 Link copied. PAPUA New Guinea’s Mount Kadovar volcano has spewed a “dome of lava” amid a mass evacuation of the region that has seen at least 590 people desperately flee to the mainland, it … The remote island volcano of Kadovar spews ash into the sky in Papua New ... (@JulieBishopMP) January 12, 2018. The volcano showed signs of a possible eruption in 1976: an increase in fumarolic activity and possible gas emission offshore were noted and all residents of Kadovar were evacuated to Blublup Island. Minor ashfall was reported on Blup Blup on 21 and 22 February. A volcano on the island of Kadovar, located about 24km north of the Papuan mainland, began erupting on January 5.That prompted the evacuation of 590 people on Kadovar … The Main Crater generally produced continuous emissions of white steam and intermittent explosions with dark ash plumes; incandescence was usually visible at night from Blup Blup. The volcano sent a massive column of ash and smoke some … This prompted authorities to evacuate the 590 occupants of the island. It only took 6 days into 2018 before the first "surprise" volcano to erupt. This requires the Provincial Government to finalise details with the host community that is providing land and ensure that payment is made to the community for the land before the population of Kadovar will be able to resettle permanently. Kadovar volcano forms the tiny 2 km wide Kadovar Island, one of the Schouten Islands. In light of the recent volcanic eruption on Kadovar Island in the Wewak district, Air Niugini wishes to advise the travelling public that Monday’s flight to Wewak was rescheduled due to the dust and volcanic ash fallout over the Wewak township. MODVOLC thermal alerts were issued on three days; 15 and 22 January, and 7 February 2018. RW COVID-19 page: Find latest updates on global humanitarian responses. Persistent steam and intermittent ash plumes were produced from the summit vent through the end of March. Global Volcanism Program, 2018. The smoke rising from the crater, during the periods when the volcano was discovered, could be observed rising from 50 to 500 m above the volcano. The National Disaster Centre has developed a PGK4 million response plan ($1.21 million) to meet the assessed needs of Kadovar islanders at Dandan Care Centre for up to six months. Satellite data. The lava flow grew outward from the shore for tens of meters before collapsing in early February, but it reappeared a few days later. This article describes the rare case of a growing and collapsing lava dome at Kadovar Volcano, a small inhabited volcanic island located north of Papua New Guinea. Its rim drops steeply into the sea. The first confirmed historical eruption at Kadovar began around mid-day local time on 5 January, according to witnesses. The first signs were noted May 1976 from an area at the S coast where possibly a small hydrothermal eruption or, more likely, a vigorous emission of gas bubbles occurred. The smoldering crater at Kadovar in PNG, seen on January 6, 2018. 2018 before the first confirmed historical eruption, ash plumes drifting W at 2.1 km altitude WNW! Reported two discrete ash plumes were produced from the beginning of the island eds. ) of stratovolcano. Crater, which is an island located 25km north of the island Venzke, E., eds..... 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