The food vacuole serves as a tem­porary stomach secreting digestive juice. The nucleoplasm contains few nucleoli and about 50 chromosomes with coiled DNA. Trout beck zone - lotic ecosystem, Trout beck zone - Lotic Ecosystem T... Trout beck zone - Lotic Ecosystem This is larger and more constant than the head stream. There are numerous parasitic amoebas. Parasite is defined as an animal or plant that lives in or upon another organism (Host) and draws its nutrient directly from it. However, there is no line of demarcation between ectoplasm and endoplasm. The part composed of only cytoplasm is soon exhausted and dies; but the other part actively feeds, grows and leads a healthy life. It secretes useful substances and excretes waste products. The pseudopodia of A. proteus are fairly large and tubular with rounded tips. mORPHOLOGY OF AMOEBA AND ITS ADAPTATIONS. Amoeba is a unicellular microscopic animal about 0.25 to 0.6 mm in diameter. (viii) Cyto­plasmic inclusions such as mineral crystals, oil globules and gran­ules of various sizes lie scattered in the endoplasm. (iv) Lying within the endoplasm there is a disc-like nucleus which is not easily seen in a living Amoeba. Morphology: Ameoba is a unicellular microscopic protista. Chilomonas is ingested more rapidly than any of the others and the next choice is Colpidium. In any case, the tough and impervious wall of the cyst affords shelter and protection till the return of normal condition. The Amoeba reacts negatively, that is, it moves away from harm­ful stimuli like injurious chemicals, pricking with a needle, strong beam or light, increased temperature above 30°C, and lowered temperature nearing the freezing point. It is possible by micro dissection to take out the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Morphology of Trophozoites Flagella and cilia aid in swimming. The Golgi bodies appear as groups of sac-like tubules. In this article we will discuss about:- 1. in length. The plasma lemma secretes a three-layered cyst within which the spheri­cal body is safely housed. 48 D). Amoeba, therefore, is said to repro­duce asexually. Besides granules, endoplasm contains a number of inclusions such as nucleus, contractile vacuole, food vacuoles, mitochondria, Golgi complex, fat globules and plate-like crystals. When the prey is very swift, a large food-cup is formed and several victims are thus en­closed in a single cup without being touched. (vi) Lying scattered in the endo­plasm there are several food vacuoles. A floating Amoeba, on the other hand, adheres to a solid object when it is lightly touched by the same, and the reaction, therefore, is positive. The ulcer is flask shaped with narrow neck and broad base. Reproduction. The food of Amoeba consists of small algae and other actively moving protozoa. The Amoeba moves from place to place by forming temporary finger-like projections called pseudopodia. Beneficial stimuli, on the other hand, produce positive reactions and the animal moves to­wards the source of such stimuli. A number of food vacuoles are scattered in endoplasm. Morphology of Amoeba lescherae (PI. It will not be out of place to mention here the relative im­portance of the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The Amoeba retracts all pseudopodia and becomes spherical. Gradually the food is completely surrounded on all sides along with a drop of water. Respiration process 7. Nutrition Required 5. Is this an example of necrosis or apoptosis? Habitat and Morphology of Amoeba Proteus 2. Goldman, M. & Davis, V. (1965). Plasmagel may change into plasmasol and even ectoplasm may change into endoplasm. In this article we will discuss about the morphology of amoeba. (v) The contractile vacuole is the organelle for respiration, excretion and fluid-regulation. Amoeba consumes food either through the process of phagocytosis or pinocytosis. In a killed and stained specimen the nucleus is distinct. The animal seems to have a choice in the selection of its food. The nucleus seems to elongate then becomes dumb-bell-shaped (Fig. The letter is differentiated into an outer thin cortical layer, called ectoplasm, and an inner medullary mass, called endoplasm. Excretion Process 6. Trophozoite For centuries, the various systems of classifying organisms, including amoebae, were based on similarities in observable characteristics and morphology. To the naked eye the Amoeba is just visible as a minute speck of chalk particle. A single contractile vacuole, generally seen in ectoplasm near trailing end of body even under light microscope, is the most obvious cytoplasmic inclusion in fresh-water amoebae. The speed of locomotion usually ranges from 0-5 to 5 micra per second. J. Generally, the term is used to describe single celled organisms that move in a primitive crawling manner (by using temporary "false feet" known as pseudopods). When seen under a microscope, the cell looks like a tiny blob of colorless jelly with a dark speck inside it. The plasmagel forms a tube through which flows the plasmasol. \"Historically, amoebae were classified together in a single taxonomic group called Sarcodina, united by their use of pseudopodia. (ix) The pseudopodia are used for locomotion and for capture of their prey. The protoplasm of the body consists of the following parts: (i) A very thin and elastic limiting membrane called plasma lemma which encloses the entire surface of the animal. Encysted forms have not been observed in this amoeba. Just beneath this is non-granular ectoplasm and inner granular endoplasm. The Biology of Amoeba discusses the general biology, morphology, movement and related phenomena, and biochemical and physiological studies of amoeba. Each amoebula feeds voraciously and grows to normal size within three days, when it again becomes ready for binary fission. 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